The common (Abies alba в прозрачен полиетилен за оранжерии) fir is a relatively tall tree, reaching about 60-65 m. The crown while the tree is young is conical, and with age it acquires a cylindrical shape.
This type of tree is one of the most used in Bulgaria for landscaping and landscaping of private and public green areas. It is often offered at reasonable prices from most of the nurseries in the country, it can be found in various specialty garden stores, it can even be found in a larger garden center online, and not infrequently you can find it in Israeli polyethylene for greenhouses transparent.
The bark at a young age is smooth and light gray with resin bubbles on it. As a result of its development and growth, the bark cracks into thin tiles and acquires a dark gray to black-brown color. The young twigs are light brown and covered with hairy hairs.
The buds on the branches are ovoid and resinous. With the exception of the upper part of the crown, the leaves on the branches are arranged in two rows, and the generative organs are formed in the upper part. The leaves are flat with two white stripes on the underside and are about 2-3 cm long (as can be seen from the photos taken by fauxto_digit and pastilletes).
Common fir (Abies alba) Another sign by which white fir can be identified is the incision or blunting of the leaf tips. The leaves are preserved on the branches for about 8-11 years, but when the conditions are not very favorable, their longevity is significantly reduced.
The generative organs develop at the top of the crown. The males, which are called fringes, are located in the axils of the leaves and are about 1 cm long.
The females, which are the cones at full maturity, reach 10 – 16 cm. in length and about 4 cm in width. They take on a cylindrical shape. The cones ripen in September and disintegrate immediately. This period is suitable for collecting seeds of common white fir.
The common fir can be found in Western, Central and Southern Europe, revered everywhere in the mountains at different heights, which varies from 300 to 2000 m. In our country it can be found in all mountains Rila, Pirin, Western Rhodopes, Belasitsa, Slavyanka, Vitosha, Sredna Gora and others.
Common white fir (Abies alba) The most common altitude at which it occurs in our country is about 1200 – 1400 m. altitude. Ordinary fir needs heat and moisture at the same time. The continental climate, dry air and low winter temperatures are not favorable for it.
There are very high requirements for soil conditions, so it is good to fertilize with garden fertilizers. It grows best on deep relatively moist and fertile soils. Unfavorable development shows on anthropogenic soils. White fir does not tolerate heavy air pollution.
White fir is a relatively slow-growing species, but its longevity is very large, about 400-450 years. Ordinary fir, as a decorative species can be used in landscaping, landscaping, afforestation and others using as a tapeworm (self-planted) or in groups. In forest park construction it is used for pure or mixed plantings.